Scoliosis in children and teens

What are the different types of scoliosis in children and teens?

Idiopathic scoliosis

Approximately 80 percent of scoliosis cases are idiopathic, making it the most common type. Idiopathic means that doctors can’t pinpoint the cause of the spinal curvature. It is further classified by the age at which it occurs.

• Early onset scoliosis (Infantile scoliosis) - This type of scoliosis develops in children, mostly boys, under age 3.
• Juvenile scoliosis - More common in girls, this kind of scoliosis occurs between the ages of 3 and 10.
• Adolescent scoliosis - This type of scoliosis makes up the majority of idiopathic cases. It’s most common in girls between the ages of 11 and 17.

Congenital scoliosis

This is present at birth and happens when the vertebrae fail to develop properly in utero. This type of scoliosis is rare and is often accompanied by other health issues related to the heart, kidney or bladder.

Neuromuscular scoliosis

In neuromuscular-related scoliosis, the curve in the spine is caused by a neuromuscular condition such as spina bifida, muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy. These conditions affect the child’s neurological system or muscular system—or both.

Learn more about neuromuscular scoliosis.

What are the early signs and symptoms of scoliosis in children and teens?

Children with scoliosis sometimes experience lower back pain or discomfort but most commonly, the symptoms are seen in the physical appearance of your child.

They include:

• Shoulders appear uneven
• One hip is higher than the other
• Waist looks uneven
• Rib cage is more prominent on one side
• Pelvis is tilted

How is scoliosis in children and teens diagnosed?

At Children’s Health Andrews Institute Spine Center our pediatric spine specialists perform a comprehensive evaluation to diagnose your child’s condition and create a personalized treatment plan.

Our expert evaluation may include:

• A medical history
• A physical exam
• An x-ray or CT scan taken by a pediatric radiologist